KAJIAN PENENTUAN TARIF BUS LISTRIK DAN FASILITAS HALTE PADA KORIDOR TUNTUNGAN – LAPANGAN MERDEKA KOTA MEDAN

Abstract

The increasing demand for efficient and environmentally friendly public transportation has encouraged the development of electric bus services in Medan City. This study aims to determine the ideal fare for the electric bus service on the Tuntungan–Lapangan Merdeka corridor using the Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC), Ability to Pay (ATP), and Willingness to Pay (WTP) approaches, as well as to analyze the financial feasibility of the investment. The research employed primary data collected through surveys of 350 electric bus passengers, interviews with the bus operator, and secondary data obtained from relevant institutions. The results indicate that the Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC) is IDR 10,039.13 per passenger, the average Ability to Pay (ATP) is IDR 628.75, and the average Willingness to Pay (WTP) is IDR 3,705.00. The comparison of these three variables reveals a gap between the public's ability and willingness to pay, which should be considered in determining an affordable fare for all user groups. The financial feasibility analysis, using the Net Present Value (NPV) and Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) methods, shows a positive NPV and a BCR greater than one, indicating that the investment in the electric bus service on this corridor is economically feasible. Therefore, the study recommends that electric bus fares should consider the balance between operating costs, public purchasing power, and service sustainability to support the development of an efficient and sustainable public transportation system in Medan City.